If you take a look at most commercial and DIY skimmers, you'll notice that they have a lot of common features. There will be some way to produce a cloud of very fine bubbles. The finer the bubbles, typically the more efficient the skimmer. Ways to produce bubbles include airstones, venturi, needlewheels, beckett injectors, and downdrafts. There will also be a
reaction chamber where water and bubbles are allowed to mix slowly and then collects the bubbles together and allow the produced foam to slowly fill a collection cup. Take a look at the article below, it is very informative. For information on a great diy skimmer design, do search for "Geoff's skimmer"
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